Doctoral Dissertation

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Doctoral Dissertation

Abstract · Cover

I. Introduction — Chapter Overview

I.1. Research Background and Necessity

I.2. Research Objectives and Scope

I.3. Analysis of Prior Research

II. Indigenous Modernity and Liminality

II.1. Modernity and Indigenous Modernity

II.1.가. Modernity and the Encompassment (Tongsŏp) of the Sacred (Seong) and the Secular (Sok)

II.1.나. The Eastern Common Origins of Western Modernity and Autogenous Modernity

II.1.다. Hak (학) as the Formal System of Autogenous Modernity

II.1.라. East-West Distinction as the Theoretical Background of Autogenous Modernity

II.1.마. Correlative Thought as the Philosophical Methodology of Autogenous Modernity

II.2. Liminality and Revitalization

II.2.가. Liminality as the Mechanism of Sacred-Secular Transformation in Autogenous Modernity

II.2.나. Revitalization as the Mechanism of Sacred-Secular Continuity in Autogenous Modernity

III. Autogenous Modernity and the Liminality of Disorder (作亂) in Donghak Thought

III.1. Autogenous Modernity in the Siecheonju (侍天主) View of Heaven

III.1.가. The Western Formal (形相的) View of Heaven

III.1.나. The Eastern Assimilative (同化的) View of Heaven

III.1.다. The Clash and Mutual Antagonism (相克化) of East-West Views of Heaven in Modernity

III.1.라. Liminality in the Siecheonju (侍天主) View of Heaven in Donghak Thought

III.2. Indigenous Modernity of the Johwajeong (Creation is Determined) View of Earth (Jigwan)

III.2.가. The Western Material (Jillyojeok) View of Earth (Jigwan)

III.2.나. The Eastern Condensational (Eungchukjeok) View of Earth (Jigwan)

III.2.다. The Collision and Mutually Overcoming Conflict (Sanggeukhwa) of Eastern and Western Views of Earth (Jigwan)

III.2.라. Liminality in the Johwajong (造化定) View of Earth in Donghak Thought

III.3. Indigenous Modernity of the Yeongsebulmang (Eternal Non-forgetting) View of Humanity (In-gwan)

III.3.가. The Western Developmental (成長論的) View of Humanity

III.3.나. The Eastern Transformative Contact (接化的) View of Humanity

III.3.다. The Clash and Mutual Antagonism of East-West Views of Humanity in Modernity

III.3.라. Liminality in Donghak Thought's View of Humanity as Yeongsebulmang (Eternal Unforgetting)

IV. Autogenous Modernity and the Revitalization of Order (治亂) in Daesoon Thought

IV.1. The Indigenous Modernity of the View of the Heavenly Realm (Cheon'gye-gwan) based on Insin-gangse (Divine Incarnation in Human Form)

IV.1.가. The view of the Heavenly Realm (Cheon'gye-gwan) as the view of Heaven (Cheon'gwan).

IV.1.나. The Incarnational (人身降世) View of the Heavenly Realm (天界觀)

IV.1.다. Revitalization of Eastern and Western Views of Heaven in the View of the Heavenly Realm based on Divine Incarnation (Insin Gangse)

IV.2. Autogenous Modernity in the Cheonji Seongyeongsin (天地誠敬信) View of the Earthly Realm

IV.2.가. View of Earth as the Earthly Realm (地界觀)

IV.2.나. The View of the Earthly Realm (Jigye-gwan) based on Cheonji Seong-Gyeong-Sin (Sincerity, Reverence, and Faith of Heaven and Earth)

IV.2.다. The Revitalization of Eastern and Western Views of Earth Manifested in the View of the Earthly Realm based on Cheonji-Seong-Gyeong-Sin (Sincerity, Reverence, and Faith of Heaven and Earth)

IV.3. The Indigenous Modernity of the View of the Human Realm (Ingyegwan) as "Achievement Depends on Humanity" (Seongsa Jaein)

IV.3.가. The View of Humanity (Ingangwan) as the View of the Human Realm (Ingyegwan)

IV.3.나. The View of the Human Realm (Ingyegwan) as "Achievement Depends on Humanity" (Seongsa Jaein)

IV.3.다. The Revitalization of Eastern and Western Views of Humanity (Ingangwan) in the View of the Human Realm (Ingyegwan) as "Achievement Depends on Humanity" (Seongsa Jaein)

V. A Comparison of Autogenous Modernity in Donghak and Daesoon Thought

V.1. Comparison of Autogenous Modernity in Views of Heaven

V.1.가. Samjae (Three Powers) and Samgye (Three Realms)

V.1.나. Seoncheon (Former World) and Hucheon (Later World)

V.2. Comparative Study on the Indigenous Modernity of the View of Earth (Jigwan)

V.2.가. Gihwa (Ki-transformation) and Jori (Governing/Conditioning)

V.2.나. Noiemugang (勞而無功) and Cheonji Seonggong (天地成功)

V.3. Comparison of Autogenous Modernity in Views of Humanity

V.3.가. Innaecheon (人乃天) and Sinin Johwa (神人調化)

V.3.나. Buryeon-giyeon (Not so, yet so) and Seongsa-jaein (Accomplishment of affairs lies with human beings)

V.4. Comparison of the Heaven-Earth Relationships in Donghak and Daesoon Thought

V.4.가. Cheonji Gwisin (天地鬼神) and Cheonji Seongyeongsin (天地誠敬信)

V.4.나. Dogi Jangjon (道氣長存) and Sangsaeng (相生)

V.5. Comparison of the Heaven-Human and Earth-Human Relationships in Donghak and Daesoon Thought

V.5.가. The Heaven-Human Relationship of Human Way (人道) and Divine Way (神道)

V.5.나. The Earth-Human Relationship of Simgeub Doyu (心急道儒) and Dotong Gunja (道通君子)

VI. Conclusion